Human-induced climate change has already contributed roughly 1.1☌ to global warming , causing unprecedented changes which are affecting the ocean, its coasts, and its composition. However, the ocean is undergoing swift, stark, and severe changes from natural variations, overexploitation, and anthropogenic influences. The sections below highlight the key points discussed in each chapter.Ĭhapter one discusses the importance of the ocean, its current state, and the key changes observed in 2019 and 2020. The global ocean covers 71% of the Earth’s surface and is responsible for regulating the Earth’s climate and sustaining life.
The Summary is divided into four chapters, presenting the data of a changing ocean from several angles. Chapters one, two, and three present the state and key observations of a changing ocean, examine the evolving impacts of these changes in line with climate change, and discuss the importance of sustainable ocean governance for managing impacts. The Summary concludes with chapter four which highlights new tools developed using Copernicus Marine Service products and illustrates how accurate and timely information is key to monitoring, understanding, and adapting to a changing ocean. Available in a concise, illustrated, and easily accessible format, the Summary (available in English and French) is intended to act as a reference for the scientific community, policy-makers, and the general public to better understand the importance and impacts of a changing ocean. This annual publication provides a comprehensive and state-of-the-art report on the current state, natural variations, and ongoing changes in the European regional seas and global ocean, particularly in 2019.
The Ocean State Report 5 Summary is now available online from the Copernicus Marine Service and Mercator Ocean International ( see full report). Scientific & Technical Advisory Committee.Education, Public Health and Recreation.Policies & Ocean Governance & Mitigation.